A Literary Life

Portfolio of Kate Jonuska

Browsing the archives for the Non-Fiction category.

Rethinking Thin (Gina Kolata)

rethinkingthin I’m not obese, but I do struggle with my weight and my body image, growing into a healthier acceptance of both as I grow older. And as I grow, I’ve become both interested in and repulsed by the fat hatred vitriolically displayed in this country, if not every country. Fat hatred like this:

In one now-classic study, Colleen Rand, an obesity researcher at the University of Florida, asked 47 formerly fat men and women whether they would rather be obese again or have some other disability. Every one of them said they would rather be deaf of have dyslexia, diabetes, bad acne or heart disease than be obese again. Ninety-one percent said they would rather have a leg amputated. Eighty-nine percent would rather be blind. One said, “When you’re blind, people want to help you. No one wants to help you when you’re fat.”

What Kolata goes on to prove quite convincingly is this fascinating book is that our hatred comes from the idea that fat can be controlled and managed, that obese individuals are just weak, undisciplined, lazy or have some other mental block or trauma that keeps them fat. They’re just not trying hard enough, right? Well, Kolata says, “Wrong.”

The data in study after study were consistent — obese people had no unique psychiatric abnormalities. Some had problems, such as anxiety, depression and mood disorders, but in every instance the psychiatric problems were just a prevalent in people of normal weight.

“Most obese people are no different than non-obese people,” Stunkard says. They are not eating because they are depressed or because they have a pathological relationship with food or to their parents. If all you had was their scores on psychological tests — if you could not actually see the people you were testing — you would not be able to decide who was fat and who was not.

Some scientists suggest an intriguing hypothesis. The origins of people’s recent weight gains may have little to do with willpower, or lack of it, or with today’s social customs to snack and eat on the run of with any other popular belief. Instead, they say, we may be a new, heavier human race and our weight may have been set by events that took place very early in life, maybe prenatally.

Scientists know that animals and people have a range of weights that they can comfortably sustain. Each person’s range is different, but any weight much above or below a person’s range is almost impossible to maintain. Scientists also know from animal studies that weight as an adult can be affected by early nutrition or infections. They even know that the brain circuits that control eating are modeled and remodeled in mice early in life and again in adolescence. Maybe, these researchers say, something happened early in life — better nutrition, vaccines to provide freedom from viral infections that plagued children of previous generations, antibiotics to cure infections like strep throat or pneumonia — that precipitated changes in the brain’s control over weight.

While she delves into some complex scientific material, Kolata manages to keep the book accessible. It’s both fascinating and heartbreaking to follow the journey of some of her interviewees, most of whom are either on or between some diet or another, their entire lives revolving around the number on the scale. It’s wonderful to see someone admit that those with a BMI considered obese are often healthier than their skinny counterparts, that there’s nothing intrinsically wrong with some extra weight. And it’s depressing to learn that, at the end of the day, science has proven that diets are ultimately unsuccessful and extreme diets can actually change your body chemistry for the worse.

Maybe the lesson is that we’ve been looking for answers to the obesity epidemic in all the wrong places. At the very least, it does not help to tell people that they are fat, much too fat, and that they just have to eat less and exercise more. After all, as (other dieters in the book) mentioned, even Oprah gained her weight back, she with all her money and her personal chef and her personal trainer, and with the whole world watching.

I’d like to think also that as the population gets fatter, there might be a rethinking of the risks of a few extra pounds. When health data have not supported alarmist cries of a medical disaster in the making, could a society perhaps let up on the beleaguered fat people?

I hope so. They can start by putting aside their preconceived notions and picking up the book.

Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars – Hardcover book club reading

Voluntary Madness (Norah Vincent)

Like most readers, I was drawn into literature by fiction, and by and large, fiction is what I read. Non fiction often reeks of the classroom, lectures, homework or obsession with a certain subject (World War II anyone?). But it’s non-fiction books like Voluntary Madness that cause me to see the beauty of the form, how the truth creatively told can be more engrossing and entertaining than any made up tale. Of course this tale — of a writer with a history of depression who voluntarily has herself committed — was one of the most engrossing autobiographical works I’ve ever experienced.

Determined but uncertain about maintaining her own mental equilibrium, Norah boldly commits herself to three different facilities up and down the socioeconomic ladder, and brings to life an astonishing range of tragic and comic inhabitants of these wards. We are with her as she navigates the byzantine rituals of the urban hospital with its overburdened staff and underattended, near indigent patient population dazed on a buffet of powerful psychotropic drugs; a calm private clinic in the Midwest, populated largely by lonely middle-class substance abusers on court referrals; and, finally, an alternative-therapy private clinic, opposed to medication with a focus on human process.

Revealing as to the human psyche, the state of mental health care in our country, the prevalence of often dangerous pharmaceuticals as well as the author’s personal history and emotional struggles, life inside the loony bin is very well rendered in a can’t-look-away-from-the-car-accident manner. Craziness fascinates us, craziness scares us, and in the end, craziness is something that we “other,” drawing a line between it and us that’s thinner than most people imagine.

But you, reader, are the sane person reading this now, and you are thinking that these people on this page are not you. By no means are they you. They are the other, put away, out of sight — and yes I, too, laugh at this expression newly now — out of mind.

It is a significant expression in this context — out of sight, out of mind. But out of whose mind? Who is out of whose mind? The lunatic is out of his mind and so we put him out of sight — not because being out of sight is necessarily good for someone who is out of his mind, but because when the lunatic is out of sight he is out of our minds. We can forget him, forget his resemblance to us, forget he is a member of the family. Thus he is made into not just “an,” but “the” other.

But as I mentioned, this, by the author’s admission, is not an objective account of anything, but becomes…

… the very persoanl account of a bona fida patient’s search for rescue and, if possible, a touch of lasting self-awareness along the way. The journalist and the patient are both me: one doing a job, or trying to; the other slouching, in her own time, toward bedlam; and each, by turns, pushing the other up and along or dragging her down.

This is non fiction that flies by, that you can’t put down, that you don’t want to be interupted from. It’s a book that anyone with experience personally or tangentially with mental issues or anyone with a healthy curiousity about mental health won’t regret picking up.

Rating: 5 out of 5 stars – Buy the hardcover

Dreams from my Father (Barack Obama)

I tend to intellectualize things. Things like life, culture, social interaction, language. I like to see what our words and actions really mean, see what makes the world tick, see it for the complex system of signs and symbols it is. I should have taken more sociology in school.

I also, in the interest of full disclosure, like our current president, voted for him and eat arugula, so of course my enjoyment of this book stems partially from those preferences. But the other part of me that enjoyed this read comes from the way Obama describes himself intellectualizing as I do, dissecting himself and his place in the world in a way that both made sense and entertained me.

Half black and half white, growing up among the white part of his family, he has no one to teach him how to be black. No one can tell him how to exist in both worlds, or if that’s even possible. And so this book is the story of his journey to become comfortable in his skin and find his place — his unique, personal place — in society at large.

From his college days:

The minority assimilated into the dominant culture, not the other way around. Only white culture could be neutral and objective. Only white culture could be nonracial, willing to adopt the occasional exotic into its ranks. Only white culture has individuals. And we, the half-breeds and the college-degreed, take a survey of the situation and think to ourselves, Why should we get lumped in with the losers if we don’t have to? We become only so grateful to lose ourselvs in the crowd, America’s happy, faceless marketplace; and we’re never so outraged as when a cabbie drives past us of the woman in the elevator clutches her purse, not so much because we’re bothered by the fact that such indignities are what less fortunate coloreds have to put up with every day of the lives — although that’s what we tell ourselves — but because we’re wearing a Brooks Brothers suit and speak impeccable English and yet have somehow been mistaken for an ordinary nigger.

Don’t you know who I am? I’m an individual!

No, he’s not a Pulitzer Prize-winning genius writer, but he does know how to tell a straight-forward, descriptive and interesting story. (As a writer, I know that’s quite a feat itself. I’ve met and helped many who couldn’t.) But I wasn’t really in this book for its literary value. I wanted to know Obama’s story in detail. I wanted to know how he came to be the man he is, if he’s for real. And because I admire him, I wanted to know how he came to be the person he is today. Without being dry or boring, this book certainly quenched my thirst.

Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars – Vacation book-club reading

When You Are Engulfed in Flames (David Sedaris)

I love the man. I really love him. I love him in print, on the radio and in YouTube clips. I even love the man’s sister, for Lord’s sake. But I really, really sadly did not love this book.

Not that it was bad by any means. It was amusing and witty, typical of Sedaris, but let’s just say that it was a little forced, as if a publisher with a  five-book deal wanted No. 5 already and was breathing down his neck. As if all the stories of his childhood and every interesting anecdote of his life had been thought, re-thought and mined for publication long ago. What we’re left with is the day-to-day journal of a very funny man, just not the same funny man as he’s been in the past.

Can’t blame him. After all, he’s had more than 40 years to gather those best-ever stories. Now he’s an adult, and he’s not about to take guitar lessons/become a performance artist/come out of the closet/stop smoking by taking a $20,000 dollar, three-month trip to Japan ever again, now is he?

If you’re a Sedaris fan, it’s still worth picking up, like checking in with an old and beloved friend. But if you’re not a Sedaris fan, start earlier with “Me Talk Pretty” or “Naked.” Then you’ll fall in love, breeze through his whole series and wind up back here, where you’ll be mildly disappointed without losing faith in the author all together.

Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars – Book club vacation reading

The Secret Diary of a Call Girl (Anonymous)

Secret Diary of a Call Girl Alright, let’s get it out in the open now, because I know everybody is thinking it, but maybe no one wants to say anything because it’s rather uncomfortable. Yes, they’re fake. The legs on that book cover that is. Totally Photoshopped out of human proportion. Because, uh huh, all women have legs twice the size of their torsos. Yup.

Fhew. Now that I got that uncomfortable subject out of way, let’s breeze right on to the sex, shall we? This book, which was amalgamated from a blog written in 2003 and 2004, is exactly as advertised: It’s the daily journal of a London-based, high-class “working girl,” a legal profession in the UK. And it’s sallatious and fun and silly and sad and witty, all of what you’d expect. And just as you’d expect, there’s a good dash of kinkiness thrown in just for kicks — HIGH kicks with those legs. Very “Sex in the City” in its tone, it never jumps over the line into downright crudeness, but remains a light and entertaining read.

Not much more than that, though. After all, it was a blog. There’s no character arc or plot development. There’s really no point. It simply ends, and that is that, which is rather disappointing. I’m told — by the boldface advertisement on the cover — that Showtime is making a series out of the concept, and I’m thinking that’s a much better venue for this material than literature.

Still, sometimes you need an easy, breezy and naughty story. At least I do now and then, so in that context it’s worth the 290 pages.

Rating: 3 out of 5 stars – Vacation reading

The Worst Hard Time (Timothy Egan)

I give up! I surrender to the slog of non-fiction, which I’m simply not up for at the moment. The All Pikes Peak Reads program is a fabulous one, like a city-wide book club with dozens of events around town, including several plays, based on the program’s theme. But I’ve just had too much on my plate: 6 people staying at our house, almost 20 relatives in from out of state, sight-seeing, cooking, cleaning, getting sick, hubby’s birthday and then mine, too.

It won a National Book Award, and I respect that. But I hope the world will still respect me in the morning when I label this one…

Rating: 0 – Unfinished business

Singled Out (Virginia Nicholson)

While many may think me odd for sitting down with a thick tome of social history for a little light reading, I couldn’t stop myself from wanting to read this interesting, well-researched book about Britain’s so-called surplus women, left without men to marry and love after World War I. In fact, I had to interlibrary loan the book, the Pikes Peak Library District being too backward and short-sighted to pick it up. (I don’t mean that, PPLD. Please don’t take away my heroin library card!)

“In 1921, the National Census had published. The figures were devastating … In England and Wales there were 19,803,022 females and only 18,082,220 males — a difference of a million and three-quarters. This was far worse than predicted. Already, since the end of the war, newspapers had been running scare headlines about ‘Our Surplus Girls’. By February 1920 the Manchester Evening News was running a report on Dr Murray Leslie’s alarming analysis of post-war demographics, in ‘Husband Hunting — Tragedy of England’s Million Surplus Women’. The Daily Mail caught the story, with ‘A Million Women Too Many — 1920 Husband Hunt’. But with the publication of the 1921 Census the figure doubled overnight, and the Mail’s proprietor, Lord Northcliffe, felt able to publicly refer to ‘Britain’s problem of two million superfluous women’. The phrase — with all its insinuating baggage — refused to go away.”

Much awaited, the book didn’t disappoint in the least with Nicholson’s mostly anecdotal tales of these “bach girls” (pronounced batch, as in bachelorette), surplus women, spinsters and old maids. Yes, there were a lot of negative titles for these unfortunate ladies, who not only had to experience their brothers, fiances and neighbors being killed in foreign lands, but also had to find a way to go through life without a mate — and often have society blame THEM for not following the traditional route of marriage and babies. There simply weren’t enough men to go around, so what was a girl to do? According to Nicholson, lots!

Surplus women studied at the best universities (where they could complete courses, but not receive degrees). They could get office jobs as clerks and secretaries (where they were paid a pittance compared to men doing the same jobs). They could fall into the guilt trap of taking care of aging, ailing relatives. They could set up house with a sister or a friend and become uncomfortably fond of their pets. They could go lesbian. They could go to the colonies in search of single men. They could live financially and emotionally meager existences. Some did, of course.

However, Singled Out chooses not to focus on what these women missed out on or the negative aspects of their spinsterhood. Instead, we learn about women who became stockbrokers, archaeologists, publishers, authors, diplomats. We meet women who took lovers, traveled the world, adopted children, devoted themselves to politics or public service. In fact, these single women transformed society in one short generation. Unable to ignore such a big population, the patriarchy was forced to relax. Women not only had careers and options and freedom, they were eventually accepted for having them. They got the vote. They got respect. They achieved things that it might have taken women a century to accomplish and changed Britain’s conception of women, setting the stage for the women’s rights movement/feminism of the next generation. According to Nicholson, many came to see being a wife and mother as the real cage, a boring existence they were glad to escape. (And some wives shared their opinion!)

And all because their future husbands were killed before they could ever meet.

Bittersweet and often touching, the stories of these women were fascinating reading, sad yet empowering. Singled Out (like Sin in the Second City or Dorothy Parker’s biography — Gee, am I a bit of a feminist, you think?) is the kind of non-fiction I can read all day, without the pressure of a classroom or a syllabus to MAKE me do it.

Rating: 4 out of 5 stars – Book club selection

This Common Secret (Susan Wicklund)

This Common Secret cover I can guarantee right now that this post will probably drive more traffic and hit more search queries than most other things I write and, in fact, I actually considered not reviewing it. Why? Because this book is the memoir of an abortion doctor. That’s right, a sane, kind, intelligent female doctor who aids other women in ending unwanted pregnancies. Here’s the word again in case the search engines missed it: Abortion. Oooooo. Get a soapbox and a fire extinguisher, because someone is going to get up on the former and someone else is going to violently spray them with the latter. That’s just the nature of the passion the subject sparks.

This calm, measured and thoughtful book, however, is anything but incendiary in my opinion. Granted, my opinion is firmly in the pro-choice camp, so perhaps it’s easy for me to say that. But Susan Wickland’s story could make a more convincing case for safe, legal abortion than doubtful readers out there may expect. After suffering a horrific abortion as a young woman and then becoming a mother, Wickland became a doctor later in life, specializing in women’s health issues. She had to fight for the right to learn the abortion procedure, thinking that it was a necessary thing to know when you dealt with women who, you know, get pregnant and might want to, gee, have a perfectly legal procedure done to stop that pregnancy from progressing.

She had little idea what she was getting into. Because of the high personal risk of the job, very few doctors are willing to step into the shoes of “abortion provider.” They’re stalked, libeled, threatened — as are their families. From 1977 until 2005, these doctors have seen seven murders, 17 attempted murders, 52 bombings, 100 acid attacks, 3 kidnappings and 480 cases of stalking. Needless to say, few have the courage to provide the services anyway and more women than you would ever guess are thankful for them every year. And Wickland? Well, she even had the courage to provide services to the very women protesting outside her door, who would then use privacy protections to be out on the front lines the next day, harassing other women in the same situation.

“Smile: Your mom chose life!” read several billboards around my city, the very conservative town of Colorado Springs. These ads make me very angry, because they assume that every pregnancy is potentially unwanted, that women make arbitrary decisions about such important things. (Should I dye my hair red? Should I have this baby? How insulting to our intelligence. No wonder some think they have the right to make choices FOR us flippant women.) The experiences Wickland describe have nothing to do with women using the procedure as birth control or making offhand choices. These are real women making hard choices, women who would have no where else to turn except dangerous, back-alley, illegal providers. These are the victims of rape, abuse and incest. They are women who don’t want to bring their child into the wrong situation. They are women who know they aren’t ready. Women who don’t need to share their motivations with anyone, really, just as they need not make if or what form of birth control they use, what career choices they make, who they love public. It’s a hard choice no doubt, but one they have the right to make.
Wickland writes: “Abortion is about life: quality of life for infants, children, and adults. Everywhere and in every sense of the word. Life, not death.”

If you don’t believe this, or don’t believe that the above could be true for ANYone in ANY situation, read the book. Perhaps it will change your mind.

Sin in the Second City (Karen Abbott)

Sin in the Second City cover I’m a sucker for sin. A relatively (ok, a VERY) vanilla person myself, I love delving into the social and literary history of sex and sin. Not “evil,” mind you, but “sin” — that delicious and glorious word that connotes rebellion, scandal and transgressions against buttoned up morality. I mean, I wrote my thesis on female sexuality in 18th century Britain, for sin’s sake, and I’ve reviewed many of the most controversial books about sexual liberation (Lady Chatterley’s Lover or Lolita, for instance) and even sexual subjugation (Story of O, anyone?) So when I picked up this excellent book of creative non-fiction about two of Chicago’s most infamous madams, I knew I was in for a deliciously sinful treat.

Chicago — the second largest American city at the turn of the 20th century — full of marvels like horseless carriages, trolleys, skyscrapers and modern medicine. But also overflowing with immigrants, shysters, con men, crooked politicians, bribed policemen and, of course, prostitutes. By the tally of the 1911 Vice Commission, there were no less than 1,020 brothels in Chicago and 5,000 full-time prostitutes, and the Levee (the red-light district) raked in more than $16 million per year, which would amount to $328 million in today’s inflation-adjusted dollars.

Enter Minna and Ada Everleigh and the Everleigh resort. (Yes, yes, the ever-lay club. The pun is intended.) These two madams set out to elevate the profession, which they see as a necessary service to male society, a sex that they not-so-secretly disdain. Their harlots are fed gourmet meals, dressed opulently, cared for by a respectable physician, taught to recite Balzac and made never to drug, rob or otherwise con their clients. The Prince of Prussia drank champagne out of the slipper of a Butterfly, as the Everleigh’s harlots were known, and any visitor to Chicago (who had the money, of course) wanted to see the inside of the sisters’ carpeted, gold-plated, perfumed bordello.

But this was 20th century America and the moral reform movement was already at hand, the same movement that would pass the Mann Act to prevent white slavery and make alcohol illegal for more than a decade. And so the free spirits of the Levee district and their bacchanalian attitudes clash with the street preachers, the stern lady do-gooders and the fiery spirit of moral uplift. I think we all know who wins.

Even if the reader knows that the brothel doors will one day be closed, Abbott is a masterful story teller. Never dry or dusty, she brings the lives of these ladies off of the page with sensory details, real dialog pulled from first-hand accounts and a burlesque sense of humor that it’s difficult not to share.

“Imagine yourself,” Bell (a Chicago-based preacher and reformer) wrote, “In this awful district with Satan and all his cohorts let loose, seemingly. The cursing of men and the screeching of dope-filled and half drunken women; the banging of electrical pianos; the honking of autos; the throngs of young men going like mad into these houses of horror, where the air is reeking with the fumes of dope and tobacco and millions of germs; where women are in their scanty attire with painted faces and colored and false hair, with their honeyed words and foolish prattling, calling and alluring men into their fearful clutches and then to awful sin and death perhaps!”

Ah yes, just imagine. How sordidly and wretchedly fun to read and imagine.

House of Mondavi (Julia Flynn Siler)

House of Mondavi Big-breasted women in peasant blouses, the smell of Chardonnay aging in oak barrels, tipsy men howling songs at the moon, grape skins bunching between the toes: Such are the images I expected to find within the pages of a book about the Mondavis, the most famous wine-making family in Southern California. What did I find? Family feuds played out as lengthy legal dramas, stock option summaries, board room battles, financial reports and… snore zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz.

File this under “business,” not biography. The later I like and the former I’d rather us as a coaster than subject my fragile, creative head to its numbing influence.

Rating: 2 out of 5 stars – Mediocre

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